A systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that climbing stairs is associated with a reduced risk of death from cardiovascular disease and other causes.

A new systematic review and meta-analysis of nine studies indicates that stair climbing may be linked to improved cardiovascular health and a lower risk of premature death. Researchers analyzed data from 455,619 adults aged 35 to 84, finding that those who climbed stairs showed a 39% lower risk of cardiovascular death and a 24% lower risk of death from any cause.

Study Findings and Limitations

The review included both healthy participants and those with histories of heart attack or peripheral artery disease. While the results suggest a correlation between stair climbing and reduced mortality, researchers noted that the findings do not prove a direct causal link, as other health behaviors and activity levels could influence the outcomes. Furthermore, the studies varied in how they measured stair climbing, such as counting flights versus assessing the ability to climb without stopping.

Health Benefits and Recommendations

Experts suggest that stair climbing serves as an intense form of physical activity that can improve blood pressure, cholesterol, and cardiorespiratory fitness. While there is no consensus on the optimal amount of stair climbing, one 2023 study observed the lowest risk of cardiovascular disease among those who climbed about six flights, or 60 steps, per day. Medical professionals advise starting gradually and note that other forms of physical activity that raise the heart rate can provide similar benefits for those with mobility limitations.